{"id":7048,"date":"2022-02-25T10:37:09","date_gmt":"2022-02-25T01:37:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/?page_id=7048"},"modified":"2022-08-26T14:41:52","modified_gmt":"2022-08-26T05:41:52","slug":"ishii2022-2-24","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/activities\/results\/2022year\/ishii2022-2-24","title":{"rendered":"Maki Uenaka, Junichi Kikuta, Masaru Ishii \u226aImmunology and Cell Biology\u226b <span>Make No Bones About It: How Our Bodies Shift Between Making Bones and Breaking Them Down<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul class=\"linkBar clearfix\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/activities\/results\/2022year\/ishii2022-2-24\">Text in Japanese<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"lineFrame\">Publish\u00a0<\/span> <em>Nature Communications<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Researchers at Osaka University show that intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles from bone-making osteoblasts is a key factor for the switch from bone formation to resorption through a microRNA-mediated mechanism<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"figure\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7039 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig1-400x256.jpg?_t=1645503761\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig1-400x256.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig1.jpg 657w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Fig.1: <strong>A<\/strong>, Schematic showing intravital imaging analysis of skull bone of mice. Cyan shows osteoblasts and their extracellular vesicles; blue shows bone tissue. <strong>B<\/strong>, Representative consecutive images of osteoblast vesicles released and captured by osteoblasts.\u3000<\/p>\n<p>Osteoblasts act in a group to make bone over the course of several months. However, how osteoblasts cooperate with each other <em>in vivo<\/em> is still unknown. Now, researchers at Osaka University established an advanced high-resolution microscopy system to visualize extracellular vesicles secreted and captured by mature osteoblasts <em>in vivo<\/em> and identified a subset of osteoblast-derived vesicles limiting bone formation and stimulating bone-resorbing osteoclast differentiation through a microRNA (miRNA)-mediated mechanism. The osteoblast communication via extracellular vesicles controls the dynamic transition from bone-forming to bone-resorbing phases <em>in vivo<\/em> and could be a target for new treatments for bone diseases. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Bone remodeling occurs in different parts of the body throughout life to maintain bone architecture balance and systemic mineral homeostasis. During this \u201cremodeling\u201d process, osteoclasts remove mineralized bones, whereas osteoblasts form new bones. These resorption and formation phases are linked and balanced with intermittent coupling phases. \u201cFunctional coupling between these two cell types is critical for the maintenance of proper bone metabolism, and the mechanisms controlling the transition from bone-resorbing to bone-forming phases have been investigated. Nevertheless, the molecular and cellular mechanisms terminating osteoblastic bone formation and promoting osteoclastic bone resorption remain elusive,\u201d explains senior author Masaru Ishii.<\/p>\n<p>Intravital optical imaging using multiphoton microscopy can help dissect <em>in vivo<\/em> cellular dynamics in various intact tissues and organs. To understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of bone remodeling <em>in vivo<\/em>, the researchers have established an intravital imaging technique to visualize the intact bone tissues of living mice. Using this method, they explored the interplay between bone-destroying osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. However, the spatial resolution of intravital bone imaging was insufficient to visualize structures smaller than cells.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn this study, we established an advanced high-resolution microscopy system to visualize extracellular vesicles secreted and captured by mature osteoblasts <em>in vivo<\/em> and identified a subset of osteoblast-derived vesicles limiting bone formation and stimulating osteoclast differentiation, thus regulating the switch from bone formation to bone resorption through a microRNA (miRNA)-mediated mechanism,\u201d says Ishii.<\/p>\n<p>###<\/p>\n<p>The article, \u201cOsteoblast-derived vesicles induce a switch from bone-formation to bone-resorption <em>in vivo,<\/em>\u201d was published in <em>Nature Communications<\/em> at DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-28673-2\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-28673-2<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Summary: <\/strong>What determines the switch from bone formation to resorption has been unclear. Researchers at Osaka University show that intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles from bone-making osteoblasts is a key factor for this switch through a microRNA-mediated mechanism.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Method of Research:<\/strong> Imaging analysis<\/p>\n<p><strong>Subject of Research:<\/strong>\u00a0 Animals<\/p>\n<p class=\"figure\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7041 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig2-400x251.jpg?_t=1645503908\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig2-400x251.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig2-768x482.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig2.jpg 801w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Fig.2: <strong>A<\/strong>, Representative images of Alizarin Red S staining showing calcification of osteoblasts treated with or without vesicles. Red: calcification. Scale bar: 200 \u00b5m. <strong>B<\/strong>, Representative image of mature osteoclasts among osteoclast precursors co-cultured with vesicle-treated osteoblasts or control osteoblasts. Red: mature osteoclast. Scale bar: 100 \u00b5m.\u3000<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"figure\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7042 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig3-400x211.jpg?_t=1645503929\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig3-400x211.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/mishii_fig3.jpg 621w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Fig.3 Interactions among mOBs via SOVs inhibit osteoblastic bone formation and stimulate osteoclast formation, thus switching from the bone formation phase to the bone resorption phase.\u3000<\/p>\n<p>Title: \u201cOsteoblast-derived vesicles induce a switch from bone-formation to bone-resorption <em>in vivo<\/em>\u201d<br \/>Journal: <em>Nature Communication<\/em><em><br \/><\/em>Authors: Maki Uenaka, Erika Yamashita, Junichi Kikuta, Akito Morimoto, Tomoka Ao, Hiroki Mizuno, Masayuki Furuya, Tetsuo Hasegawa, Hiroyuki Tsukazaki, Takao Sudo, Keizo Nishikawa, Daisuke Okuzaki, Daisuke Motooka, Nobuyoshi Kosaka, Fuminori Sugihara, Thomas Boettger, Thomas Braun, Takahiro Ochiya, Masaru Ishii<br \/>DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-28673-2\">10.1038\/s41467-022-28673-2<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Funded by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Japan Science and Technology Agency<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Text in Japanese Publish\u00a0 Nature Communications Researchers at Osaka University show that intercellular commun [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7039,"parent":6951,"menu_order":190,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7048"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7048"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7048\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7568,"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7048\/revisions\/7568"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6951"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.med.osaka-u.ac.jp\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}