The kidney is generated through mutual interactions between two precursor tissues: metanephric mesenchyme and ureteric bud. The mesenchyme is transformed to epithelia and forms a lumen (epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, MET), and connected to the lumen derived from the ureteric bud to genreate a functional unit, the nephron. We found that a kinesin Kif26b is essential for kidney development. We further showed that Kif26b bound the non muscle myosin heavy chain II (NMHC II, Myh9/10) and controlled the polarity and adhesion of mesenchymal cells. The purpose of this study is to analyze the roles of cytoskeleton in the tubulogenesis, including MET, during kidney development. While deletion of mouse Myh9/10 in the ureteric bud lead to no apparent phenotypes, deletion in the metanephric mesenchyme resulted in abnormal nephron morphology and subsequent renal failure.