In collaboration with the Department of Surgery, Osaka University (Profs. Masaki Mori and Yuichiro Doki), Sueda et al. demonstrate that selective BRAF V600E inhibition activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which induces autophagy as a mechanism of therapeutic resistance in human cancers. Present experiments suggest that the control of autophagy contributes to overcome the chemoresistance of BRAF V600E cancer cells.